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Swapna MG published in Science and Fiction

Lunar Calendar – Ancient Civilizations’ Time Tracker

Today, most of us use the Gregorian calendar, which is based on the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. This solar calendar helps us plan our activities and track the seasons. But how did our ancestors manage before knowing the solar dating system? What type of calendars were they using? How did they know when to work, when to celebrate, when to harvest?

It is interesting to know that they used the Moon’s phases to track their activities and maintained their calendar as well, which we now call the lunar calendar. The lunar calendar is based on the Moon’s phases. Each month in a lunar calendar starts with a new moon or the first crescent moon after the new moon.
According to the Gregorian calendar, there are about 30 days in a month. In the lunar calendar, however, each month is approximately 29.53 days long, which is called a lunar month (the time it takes for the Moon to complete one cycle of phases). A lunar year, consisting of 12 lunar months, totals about 354 days. This is about 11-12 days shorter than the solar year.

The Metonic Cycle
To reconcile the lunar calendar with the solar year, ancient civilizations noticed that 19 solar years closely matched 235 lunar months. This is known as the Metonic cycle, a clever way to align lunar months with the solar year.
The Moon and the Sun are the most prominent objects in the sky. Early humans noticed that the Sun appeared to return to the same position each day, but it wasn’t easy to pinpoint the exact spot. On the other hand, the Moon’s phases were more noticeable and easier to track. It made sense for them to call it a day when the Sun returned to the same spot and a month when the Moon showed the same shape again.
The oldest known lunar calendar dates back to around 15,000 BC and was discovered in the caves at Lascaux, southwest France. This calendar shows that early humans were already keenly observing the Moon and using it to mark time.

Lunisolar Calendar
A lunisolar calendar is a calendar that uses both the lunar and solar cycles to determine the year and month:
Lunar phases: Determine the months
Solar cycles: Determine the years
To account for the difference between the lunar and solar years, an extra month is sometimes added to the calendar. For example, the Hebrew calendar uses a leap year to adjust for the difference between the lunar year of 354 days and the solar year.

Calendars in Use Today
Around 40 calendars are still in use today, but the main calendars used around the world are the Gregorian, Jewish, Islamic, Hindu, Chinese, Julian, and Persian calendars. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar around the world today.

Indian Calenders
India uses two calendars the Saka calendar and the Gregorian calendar,Gregorian Calendar Used alongside the Saka calendar in India.
Saka Calendar: The national calendar of India, the Saka calendar is used in government communications, news broadcasts, and in The Gazette of India. The Saka calendar is based on the lunisolar calendar and has 365 days in a year, similar to the Gregorian calendar. The new year begins in the month of Chaitra, which is around March 21 on the Gregorian calendar. The Saka calendar’s year 0 is 78 AD, which marks the ascension of Kanishka the Great to the throne.

 

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Venkatesh G published in Uncategorized

Belief System

Start believe that you can do something great don’t stuck there only whether I can or I cannot always it is possible we are not taking the one step not fully believing things yes it is possible through me also like that, be conscious and take that final step nobody is stopping us, the taught that stops us. If you truly believe go for it. It is ok you are not getting the result also, at least you will be boosting your confidence and you will do better next time to get what you are asked for.

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Aadarsh Bandaru published in Community, Education, Technology

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & SOFTWARE JOBS PART 1

 

Why ai was found?

Early ai research in the 1950s explored topics like problem solving & symbolic methods in 1960s.
The us department of defense took interest in the type of work & began training computers to mimic basic human reasoning.

JOHN MCCARTY is considered as the father of ai john mccarty was the an usa computers scientist the tem “AI”
was coined by him he is one of the founder so ai together with ALAN TURING, MARVIN MINSKY,ALLEN NEWELL & HERBERTR A

HOW AI WILLWORK
AI works by combing large amount of data worth algorithms & iterative processing to learn patterns & features in the data.
AI can then use those patters to solve problems & answer questions.

USE OF AI
There are lot of uses of ai now we will decisccess about the important things uses of ai
1 health care
2 finace
3 manufacturing
4 Retail
5 Transporatation
6 safty & quality assurance,etc.

HOW DOSE AI WORK

  1. Input data in first collected from various sources in the form of text ,audio ,videos & more
  2. processing once data is gathered & inputted, the next step is to allow AI to decide what to do with the data
  3. outcomes
  4. adjustments
  5. assessments

THE AI IS TAKING JODS OF SOFTWARE ENMPLOYES

Ai is unlikely to replace software engineers entirely but it can automate some tests & help increase productivity & efficiency . AI can’t replicate as creativity , design complex problem solving ethical decision making & domain specific knowledge.

AI is expected to create a millon new jobs in united states by 2030 & software engineers with ai skills will be in high demand routine & repetitive tasks, such as coding & data entry are most likely to be lost to AI.

WHAT IS THE ADVANTGES OF AI IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT .

  • Productivity
  • Accuracy
  • User experience
  • Natural language processing (NLP)
  • New job opportunities.

 

 

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Raju published in Technology

Networking

In today’s market, you must build a strong network foundation, connect your hybrid infrastructure, and deliver fast and secure applications. But you have to know your business, account strategy, and goals to design your network with current and future requirements.

What is Networking?

Networking refers to the process of connecting devices to share resources, exchange data, and communicate with each other.

Professional Networking and Job ...

As we know every device has unique identification to communicate with another it’s called an IP address.

What is IP addresses?

IP stands for Internet Protocol. An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to each device on a network.

Basically two types of IP address we can see, one is IPV4 and another one is IPV6 address.

1. IPV4 Address:

IPv4 addresses are a 32-bit number and are represented by dotted decimal notation that consists of four numbers from 0 to 255. The numbers are separated by a period, and the bit between the period is called an octate.

IPv4 starts with 0.0.0.0 and ends with 255.255.255.255, providing a little over 4.2 billion IP addresses.

CIDR Notation:

CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation is a way of representing IP addresses and their associated network masks.
CIDR notation consists of an IP address followed by a slash (/) and a number (e.g., 192.168.1.0/24).
The number after the slash represents the number of bits in the network mask.

Network Masks:

A network mask (or subnet mask) determines which part of an IP address represents the network and which part represents the host.
A network mask is typically written in dotted decimal notation (e.g., 255.255.255.0).
The network mask is used to determine the scope of the network (e.g., which devices are on the same network).

Subnetting:

Subnetting is the process of dividing a larger network into smaller sub-networks.
Subnetting is done by applying a network mask to an IP address.
The network mask determines which part of the IP address represents the subnet.

Key Concepts:

Network ID: The part of the IP address that represents the network.
Host ID: The part of the IP address that represents the host (device).
Broadcast Address: The highest address in a subnet (e.g., 192.168.1.255 for a /24 subnet).
Subnet Size: The number of hosts that can be addressed in a subnet (e.g., 256 for a /24 subnet).

And we have 5 types of IP address Classes:

  1. Class A: 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 (127/8)
    Default subnet mask: 255.0.0.0
    Number of possible networks: 128
    Number of possible hosts per network: 16,777,216
  2. Class B: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 (191/8)
    Default subnet mask: 255.255.0.0
    Number of possible networks: 16,384
    Number of possible hosts per network: 65,536
  3. Class C: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 (223/8)
    Default subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
    Number of possible networks: 2,097,152
    Number of possible hosts per network: 256
  4. Class D: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 (239/8)
    Used for multicast addressing
  5. Class E: 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.255 (254/8)
    Reserved for future use

2. IPV6 Protocol

An IPv6 address is represented in hexadecimal rather than the dotted decimal like IPv4 addresses. Instead of 32 bits like an IPv4 IP address, an IPv6 address is 128 bits long. It is called a hextet and can be abbreviated by removing redundant zeros.

With IPv6, the networks are also represented using the start address and a prefix like IPv4. However, with IPv6, each hextet is sixteen bits, and the prefix number is actually the number of bits that represent the network part of the IPv6 address.

The main difference between the two versions: IPv4 is a 32 bit address and IPv6 is a 128 bit hexadecimal address. IPv6 provides a large address space, and it contains a simple header as compared to IPv4.

Here are a few examples of IPv6 addresses:

1. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334
2. fe80:0000:0000:0000:0202:b3ff:fe1e:8329
3. 3ffe:1900:4545:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
4. fd00:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001

Note that IPv6 addresses are typically written in hexadecimal notation, with eight groups of four hexadecimal digits separated by colons (:).

Here’s a breakdown of the different parts of an IPv6 address:

The first four groups (2001:0db8:85a3:0000) represent the network prefix.
The next four groups (0000:0000:8a2e:0370) represent the interface identifier.
The final group (7334) represents the port number.

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Aditya Ujalambkar published in Inspiration

Grow with compounding

The Compound Effect: 

This is too easy to understand but too difficult to implement,

you can take it in 2 ways one is positive and other is negative,

Example:

you have some skills, knowledge, we consider them as 1 means 100%

  1. positive impact : If you practice your skills increase your knowledge by just 0.01 which is 1% then after 365 days : (1.01)^365 = 37.78 this means if you just make 0.01% positive change in your life you will become 37 times more skill full than today.
  2. negative impact: If you are not practicing your skills, it becomes forgotten slowly which we consider as it reduces by 0.01 which is also 1% then after 365 days : (0.99)^365 = 0.025 you are going to becomes 0.

this is not only applicable in skills, knowledge it will also applicable in all things like money, assets, sports, coding, and whatever you want to achieve in your life.

How to compound :

compounding will not happen in one day or 1 week, you have to apply it for complete 1 year and you can see the result in last month, because you feel 11 months you are not growing but compounding shows impact with time, so you have to work on one small change for 1 year, you can see the impact.

He who understands It, earns It … He who doesn’t … pays It.

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Venkatesh G published in Inspiration

What is Meditation according to me?

My dear brothers and sisters this is my first blog welcome to the blog now, what is meditation ?
Let me answer this through my journey, when I am in school every Saturday we had exercise section all of us might would have know how the exercise will be stretching the both hands to sky to the ground by bending the back and stretching the hands in front like wise many exercise, the funny exercise all the we used to laugh at is hip rotation which leads digestion efficient among young kids after all this physical exercises we used to have mediation section for at least 10 minutes, through where the journey starts, initially there were no, much awareness about it. After some years I think in my 6th or 7th an organization have addressed our school to explain what mediation is, I completely could not remember the exact scenario what took place, but I understood they were showing the banner where the person sits straight black shadowed image where the light passes through him from head to entire body, where the person who is sitting in that straight posture should ask the light come acquire me, and after he/she  is received the light he should send the light back to the earth with his imagination. Conclusion is we should ask light to come to us and should emit the light back to the universe. This is the first way. And the organization after teaching this they didn’t simply left, they asked us to promise we will continue doing the mediation I think this led me to write the block because once promise made is powerful.

I was 18 plus, I visited pyramid valley. Where all of us can go sit calmly and meditate there I was seeing the banner posts pasted on the wall of the pyramid valley while getting into the meditation hall, what is meditation according to Lord Gautama Buddha, it is my own words what I have understood after reading the post, that is “Mediation is thoughtlessness” means when you have sit straight and closed your eyes you might get numerous thoughts like next what should I do, what should I eat, which movie to watch, where is my dream bike, like this numerous thoughts will come we should try to control it by reducing the thoughts and make the mind blank and you will be relaxed.

And recently in social media a guruji, who is really addressing the peoples in thousands in front of cameras inspired me a lot through his words, I feel I became really optimistic after listening to his words, where he says “Meditation is ultimate Oneness With God” this means when you have sitting quiet with no thoughts when you have breathe in your nose you yourself portraying shiva in you ultimate creator of the universe who’s always in mediation. I have to address his one of his speech where he tells, HOPE, LOVE, PASSION AND GRATITUDE is the quality of God.

And I like Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Sir most his inspiring speeches he went to European parliament and addressed the gatherings with his fantastic words which inspired me a lot the quote goes like this “Where there is righteousness in the heart, there will be beauty in the character, when there is beauty in the character there will be harmony in the home, when there is harmony in the home there will be order nation, when there is order in the nation there is peace in the world”. How a righteousness in the heart flows is by making ourselves calm by meditation removing unnecessary thoughts.

Thank you, for the every one  whoever in this journey Maa, Paa, Teachers, Lecturers, Friends to making me better in my career which led me to understand this and pushed me to the right path.

Thank you Gokul sir  for this wonderful platform where all of us can share there thoughts, can write blogs, in future many more things to come we are really excited to be the part of the journey sir.

Thank you brothers and Sisters for reading this blog so kindly I wish all us will lead our country well and make the change in the nation.

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SARATH BABU C published in Technology

AI: How It Works with and without People

In India today, there’s a lot of talk about Artificial Intelligence (AI). It’s everywhere, from offices to homes. But let’s break it down into simple terms what AI can do when we’re involved and when it’s on its own.

AI with People: Working Together

Think of it like this: AI and people team up to solve big problems. This is where AI really shows its stuff. Take healthcare, for example. AI helps doctors by going through loads of medical info, helping them make better guesses about what’s wrong with you and what to do about it. And in places where doctors are hard to find, AI helps out with telemedicine. That means you can talk to a doctor far away using your phone or computer.

In schools, AI helps students and teachers. It learns about each student, figuring out what they’re good at and where they need help. Then it makes lessons that fit just right. And teachers get help too! AI can grade papers, so teachers have more time for teaching.

Even in art, AI is there. Artists use AI to make music, art, and even write stories. It’s not taking over creativity; it’s more like lending a hand.

AI on Its Own: Going Solo

But what if AI doesn’t need us? That’s where things get tricky. Imagine a factory where robots do everything, from making stuff to sending it out. Sounds great, right? But it means fewer jobs for people.

And sometimes, AI makes big decisions all by itself. Like who gets a loan or even how long someone goes to jail. But AI isn’t perfect. It can make mistakes, especially if it learns from info that’s not fair. So we’ve got to keep an eye on it.

And what about when AI makes decisions that affect our safety? Like driving cars? Who’s in charge if something goes wrong?

Finding the Right Balance: Working Together

So, what’s the best way for AI and people to get along? We’ve got to find a balance. Instead of seeing AI as a problem or a magic fix, let’s think of it as a tool.

By using AI to help us be better at what we do, solve problems, and make life easier, we can all move forward together. But we’ve got to be careful too. We’ve got to make sure AI doesn’t take over or make decisions that aren’t fair.

In the end, the future of AI is tied to our future. By working together, with respect and kindness, we can use AI to make life better for everyone. Because it’s not about robots or computers; it’s about us ????

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Aadarsh Bandaru published in Education

EDUCATION SYSTEM IN INDIA

Kids in their classroom, Ganeshpuri school | ૐ Didi ૐ | Flickr

India is a country with more than 1 billion people & just one-third of them can read. The rapidly growing size of the population, shortages of teachers, books & basic facilities & insufficient public funds to cover education costs .In India we are having the poor quality education is leading to poor  learning outcomes in india. ultimately pushing children into child labour , abuse & violence. Many classrooms continues to be characterized by teachers . corporal punishments & discrimination.

The Indian education system has been changed in some major changes according to the new education policy. The 10+2 school education system will be replaced by the 5+3+3+4 system. The policy also emphasized the promotion of online as well as open & distance education.

The 5+3+3+4 means students will spend 5 years in the foundational stage following 3 years under the preparatory stage, 3 years of learning in the middle stage , & finally 4 years in the secondary stage.

The Indian education system is growing in upward trajectory, preletong numerous revenus for growth & innovation.

India gets enough cash in British aid to send a £250million rocket to ...

ISSUES IN INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM

  • The learning crisi was made worse by COVID-19 school closures.
  • countries are not paying enough attention to early childhood care & education.
  • There is an inadequate supply of high-quality teachers.

TO IMPROVE INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM

  • Investment : Increase the government’s budgetary allocation for education to improve it’s quality & accessebility.
  • Teacher quality : Improve the quality of techers, who are the backbone of the education system.
  • DIGITAL EDUCATION : use techology to improve the quality of education.
  • GIRLS EDUCATION : Address the challenges girls face in education , such as dropping out due to socio-economic factors.
  • curriculum : Modernize the curriculum.
  • PARENT INVOLVEMENT : Increase parents involvement.
  • COOPERATIVE LEARNING : Encourage cooperative learning & group studies to help students develop social & emotional skills.
  • CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES : Include co-curricular activities.
  • PERSONALIZED ACTIVITIES : Develop personalized learning.

TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF INDIAN  EDUCATION SYSTEM

  1. Identify & define the problems. state the problem as clearly as possible
  2. Generate possible solutions.
  3. Evaluate alternatives.
  4. Decide on a solution.
  5. Implement the solution.
  6. Evaluate the outcomes.
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Aadarsh Bandaru published in Uncategorized

How to develop Indian economy ?

 

DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN ECONOMY

32,300+ Indian Economy Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free ...

The Indian economy has seen significant growth & transformation over the years. Indian economy is one of the fastest growing major economy & also has a large & rapidly expanding population. The economy is influenced by government policies , global market trends & social political factors.

our Indian economy is the 6th largest consumer market in the world & 3rd largest economy.  The Indian economy is the mixed middle income developing social market economy.  Indian GDP growth rate outperformed major economies like Russia , USA , China & Japan.

The population of India is the 1st place in the world with the 1.4 billon people. With worlds largest democracy. With the most young people we can develop the country.

poverty reduction  India has made remarkable progress in reducing extreme poverty between 2011 & 2019 the country halved the share of the population living in extreme poverty.

The Indian economy gives us an idea of the financial framework , market sizes , profits , business motive of the country. After a contraction due to the COVID-19 Pandemic , India’s economy bounced back strongly in 2022 &  become one of the fastest growing economies globally.

To develop Indian economy in sustainable way the following 3 key factors plays a vital role

  1. ECONOMIC GROWTH : It helps to generate job opportunities bring quantitative changes in the economy & reflects in per capita income of the country.
  2. SOCIAL INCLUSION: It builds the opportunities for people to learn, work, connect with others & have a  voice.
  3. ENVIRONMENTTAL PRODUCTION: Indian ranked 108th EPX 2022. It is a practice of protecting the natural environment by individuals , groups & governments.
  • Disposal of the large amount of ash based power stations
  • Govt role also has major impact like protecting & improving the quality of the environment & preventing , controlling 7 abating environmental pollution

HOW TO IMPROVE INDIAN ECONOMY

  1. Boosting private investment. The private investment is a key driver of economic growth.
  2. increase consumption.
  3.  strengthen the financial sector.
  4. Enhance employment & labor reforms.
  5. Take advantage of the large domestic market.

 ECONCMIC CHALLENGS IN INDIAN

  • Poverty & income inequality
  • unemployment & underemployment
  • Agriculture Deficit
  • Fiscal deficit & public debt
  • Corruption & red tape
  • Environment sustainability

FUTURE IN INDIAN ECONOMY

  • On the economic front , India has been a key growth engine for the world , contributing 16% to the global growth .
  • The country’s growth rate of 7.2% in fiscal 2022-2023.

BY , A & GROUP

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